Tedim Uk Thu

COPY from_ http://sakollamvontawi.blogspot.com/2013/12/tedim-uk-thu.html

Saturday, 21 December 2013

Tedim Uk Thu

Tedim Uk Thu

A) Tedim Uk Thu

Tedim uk sung minam (10) a om hi. Kamp au a tuamtuam ahih hangin a ngeina a tuam taktak ahi kei hi. Numei leh pasalte in puan-ak a silh uh hi. Numeite aa pen singzaw in pasalte aa pen tual zaw hi.

Sihzang numeite in a sam uh a lomin a hen uh aa, a zangah gi a khen uh hi. Pasal a neih manin a sam uh Thum in a khen uh hi. Pasal a neih khit uh ciangin nih in a khen uh hi. A sam khen dan uh tawh pasal neisa leh nei nailo pen ki khen thei hi. Tedimte in a sam uh thum in a pheek uh aa, a zangah gi a khen uh hi. Zote in sakhi-vun tawh ki bawl lukhum a khu uh hi. Asi a om ciangin a misi luang pen inn sungah a koih uh hi. Avui uh ciangin kuangzawn bawl uh aa, khua nawl lam mun khatah buukno khat lamin tua nuai ah misi luang a koih uh hi. Kha nih kha thum khit ciangin, lutang beel sungah koihin a guh dangteng lei sungah a phum pan uh hi.

Inn a lam nop uh ciangin inn mun a ziik tam masa in inntual zong a neisak uh hi. Innkaa a dawh uh hi. Inn nuai ah gan akoih uh hi. Inn leh huan a ki zomin a bawl uh hi. Gan a cing uh hi. Inntual laizang ah gan lian gawhna song khuam a phut uh hi.

B) Kidemna

Khamtung pasalte in, sa bang zah man, gal bang zah thath cih pen a kidem uh hi. Tua khit ciangin gal leh sa bangzah ai zo a kidem laulau uh hi. Tua teng khit ciangin mim leh taang za bang zah la in, bangzah vei tong zo, ai zo ci zong a kidem uh hi.

Tua banga gual dem zote, zawhna tawh ki zui in min phatna zu leh sa neekna, dawnna mun ah hamphatna a tuamtuam a ngahsak uh hi. A sih uh ciangin zong tua zawhna tawh kizui in akgia, sawnkai, leh dial khai theihna a ngah hi. Gal a hang penpen in khua a uk hi. Khua tuamtuam tampi a zote in khua tampi a uk hi. Khua tampi a uk zote in siah tampi a ngah uh hi.

Gal a hang mahmah Innkuan

Tedim gam ah gal hanga a minthang mahmah innkuan khat a om hi. Tuate in Pa Khan Thuamte innkuan ahi hi. Khan Thuamte innkuan Darlang khua ah sawtpi a teng uh hi. Khan Thuam leh a tapa Kam Hau gal hang mahmah ahih manun Darlangte in a it mahmah uh hi. Amau khua Mualbeem khua ah ciahkik nuam uh aa, Darlang innpipa kiangah ciahkik theihna ding a ngen uh hi. Innpipa in it mahmah ahih manin Khan Thuamte nupa a phal kei-a, a tapa Kam Haul eh azi a ciahsak hi.

Mualbeem ah Kum (5) a cin ciangin Kam Hau in a nute, a pate ngai mahmah aa, a sam dingin a kuan hi. Darlang innpipa kiangah a nute, a pate a vanget ciangin,Darlang innpipa in, “Tua bang ahih leh, ngeina bangin siah hong pia unla, va ciah ta un,” ci-in a ciahsak hi. Kam Hau in a nute, a pate ama innah a tungsak hi. Kum khat sung a om khawm khit uh ciangin Kam Hau inn a tuan hi. Gal hang mahmah uh aa, Meitei gamgi dong galsim in a uk uh hi.

Tedim gammang kua

Tedim gamah a minthang mahmah hausa (9) om-a, tuate “Tedim gam Mang Kua” kici hi. Tua Mang kuate:

1. Tedim - Mang Gin - Hatlang
2. Dimpi - El Thuam - Naulak
3. Vangteh - Pum Go - Guite
4. Saizang - Vung Vial - Hatzaw
5. Kalzang - Sung Hang
6. Thangnuai - Mang Sum - Thawmte
7. KhuasakMat - Tuang Gal - phuak
8. Thuklai - Suan Thuk - Sumniang
9. Limkhai - Neih Tuang

Hih khua (9) lak ah Kalzang inn tampen hi. Inn (400) pha ahih manin kuamah in sim ngam lo in, zawl in a man zaw uh hi. Tua khua ah Naulak, Buansing, Hatzaw, Zil-om, Hatlang, leh Suante a teng uh hi. Kalzang khua bang cih lehangin siasak zo ding hiam ci-in pawlkhat in a hanciam uh hi.

Kalzang Siatna

Darlang panin Khan Thuam Mualbeem ah a ciah ciangin Kam Hau inn ding gua a ki sam hi. Tua ciangin Kalzang hausapa’ gua pha mahmah cih a theih ciangin “Ka zawlpa, Kalzang hausa ahi Sung Hang kiangah gua va ngetsak in,” ci-in mi (2) cial in a paisak hi. Kalzang hausapa in zong, “Ka zawlpa in ka neihsa a deih theih ding gua om zenzen ahih leh, a deih zahzah hong sat hen,” a ci hi.

Ahi zongin kam taite in, “Na zawlpa in, ka gua phungah hei lah kivik thei kei in tem lah ki vik thei lo ahih teh a deih taktak leh sikkhu khat tawh hong kuan leh a deek khuk ah zong khen nuam ing, ci mualmual sa-in inn sung lam hong tumsan, a phal phalo hi in teh,” a ci uh hi. Tua ciangin Khan Thuam in gua a ngen ngam nawn kei hi.

Khan Thuam in, “Ka zawlpa in hong it taktak hiam, hong it kheem hiam thei nuam ing,” ci-in a tapa Pau Kam zi dingin, Kalzang hausa Sung Hang’ tanu Vung Ciang a dongsak leuleu hi.

Kalzang hausapa in, “A masa in gua hong ngen aa hong satlo, tun ka tanu hong dong sak leuleu a bangci hi ding hiam? Upate in thu a gen ciangin, “zawl leh bikha heu baih, si leh sa tawh ki naina sangin a kip zaw omlo” ci ahih ciangin, hong deih takpi ahih leh hong pinop hunhun in hong pita uh hen,” ci-in a vai khak hi. Ahi zongin, a kam taite in, “Ka tanu phaaipak bang, tua Teizang lusan lakah, guntui tawi dingin phaai kang kuai dingin kha kei ning,” ci in ngah zo kei ung,” a ci uh hi.

Khan Thuam in zong, “Ka zawlpa kiang ah khat vei gua ngensak aa hong pia zo lo-a, tun a tanu dong sak a hong manglo leuleu, zawl aa, gual aa, hong neilo hi; Khuangli glacial in Kalzang ki sim leh hoih in teh, ci-in a ngaihsut pen zu neekna khatah gen khia kha ahih manin Ngalzangte in tua thu a zak ciangin, Kalzang hausapa kiangah, “Paipak in la, na zawlpa kiangah thuum in,” ci-in thu a hilh sim uh hi. Tua ciangin, Kalzang hausapa in, “Zawl aa, gual aa, ka neihsa, Pi aw, Pu aw, ka cih sangin si nuam zaw ing,” a ci hi. Ahi zongin, a upateng kikum in, zu tawh, sa tawh a thuum dingin a pai uh hi.

Tua a thuum dingin a pai Upa teng leh, Kalzang sim dingin a pai teng tawh lampi ah a ki tuak uh hi. Khan Thuam in, “I it-it ipah-pah tu in hong pai takpi uh ahih ciangin, guai aw ciah kik ni,” a cih leh a tapa Kam Hau in, “Lum hi zah, tei hi zah, sumit nawn kei ning hi teng man unla, hong zui nuam teng hong zui ta un,” ci-in a thau lawn in pai suk aa, Kalzang a sim uh hi.

Hausapa kap lumin, a tanu vokgawh in go aa, vok em ding bangin inntual sing khuam tungah a khai uh hi. Tampi hing matin Mualbeem ah a ciahpih uh hi. Kum tampi khit ciangin, Takmual leh Phaileeng khua satsak in, tua khua panin siahtung, siahphei a la hi. Kalzang Dakbu leh khipivui zong a laksak uh hi.

Tedim Sim dingin Meiteite Kuan

Leeng mangpa in Kam Hau in gam tampi sim in uk khin hi cih thu a zak ciangin a haza mahma hi. Leeng mangpa zong taalin ki zawngin Tedim khua sim dingin galkap tul thum (3,000) tawh a kuan uh hi. Tedim uk sung a tun uh ciangin mi pawl khat in, Meiteite tam mahmah a muhuh ciangun lau in, Meiteite tawh kop in, van puaksak in, lam a hilh uh hi.

Muanheeng zangah giahphual a sat uh aa, a kimkot ah kan a to uh hi. Tua kan tu dongin ki mu thei lai hi. Tedim leh Tonzang kikaal Tualmu buzung gei Muanheeng zang mun ahi hi. Tedim te’n tua thu a zak uh ciangin Mualbeem, Sezang, Tedim panin galkap khawm in innpipa in sial gawh in, Meiteite do dingin a kuan khia uh hi. Suan kang mual a tun uh ciangin Meiteite tawh a kituak uh-a, ni (7) sung a kikap uh hi. Tedimte in Meitei galkap mangpa a thahlup uh ciangin, Meiteite a vaihawm ding om nawnlo ahih manin a leh tai uh hi.

Tedimte in a nung lam panin vokno delh in a delhta uh hi. Gun a kantan na uh ah, pawl khat tui kia in si hi. Galkap tul thum (3,000) lak ah tul khat (1,000) bek a suakta uh hi. Thau lawng (287) a ngah uh hi. Tapei lui gal dongin a nawhkhia uh hi. Meitei galkap a huh khuate tungah a lungkim kei uh aa hi bangin thu a pia uh hi:
“No, Meitei lam-ah kop khuate in, khua khat in Meiteite’ lutang khat ciat innpipa inn ah a manlang in puakta un,” a ci uh hi. Tua mah bangin lutang khat ciat a puak uh hi.

Meitei-te thu phuah

Meitei-te in thu phuak uh aa: “Tedimte in hong kap leh, a thaukuang sungah tui phul in, naangkhau leengin a khut uh kiheen in, phim leh khau leeng in a mituh ki khui ding hi,” a ci uh hi.

Tedimte in Lailui khuakhung mual panin Gawmual dong, tai khat leh lang halte in taak pang sat in, khua a mial ciangin a hal uh hi. Tua meite, Meiteite in a gal muh uh ciangin, gal vilna phual vive sa in a kihta sim pian uh hi. Tedimte in Dawnlui, Tedim lam gal mual ah a pang uh hi. Meiteite a gal lamah a suak uh hi. Galkap mangpa Suangsuang vumah khua dak dingin kahto in a vum ah Tedim lam en in a ding hi.

Tua bangin a om Galkap mangpa a muh uh ciangin Pu Za Tual in zong thau a suak thei hiam, naang hong leeng hiam, phim leh khau hong leeng hiam, hong sin dih ning, ci-in a gal mual vum tung panin, ngimngim in a kap leh, Galkap mangpa kha in Suang vum tung pan kia suk aa, Dawn lui sung a tu hi. Pu Za Tual in la phuak aa:

a) Pau kisa-a sakciang teimei, Keimah bang hang phuk in gee,
b) Keimah bang hang phuk ing aw, e, gun tuiah nang bang diang e.

Meitei-te Kituh

Meiteite Tedim sim ding hong kuankhiat phet un, innpipa saiha ngah ding leh, a zi ngah ding kituh khol uh hi, ci-in ki za hi. Meitei gal a ki zawh khit ciangin, Pi Ciin Ngul in la phuak aa:

a) Zang vuisai leh lia ka sak duang dotan sa bang hawm khawm e,
b) A lawm nam aw zin aw e gual aw, a lawm nam aw e.
1) Khua minthang beel bang suan ding do lunmang zong, dot ai tawh kop, sun ni bang a sa ci ee,
2) Dot ai tawh kop, sun ni bang aa sa ci e, zin in awi lo, khua khang phai bi’n seem tah e.
a) Sun ni dawng hon, khua van nuai, miza siam in, seino gual in tawithang hawm taan ding ci ee,
b) I tawi thang lo damtui-a a luan sangsik, vi mangnu’ lam, nuai silkia bang tom hang e.

Tedim leh Lusi ki do Kam Hau uk, gungal gam Tanglui leh Tiau kikaal, “Keima gam hi,” ci-in, Lusi hausa Van Nuai Lian in tua gam ah sa beng in, a utut in a vak kawikawi hi. Ni khat ni-in, Kam Hau’ tapa, Hau Pum leh a lawmte (100), gungal gamah sa beng dingin a kuan khia uh aa, Van Nuai Lian tawh a ki tuak uh hi.

Hau Pum in, Van Nuai Lian kiangah, “Hi gam, no Lusite’ gam hi lohi, ka pa Kam Hau gam hi. Tu langkhat siah hi gam sungah sa bengin nong vak kawikawi uh kong muh uh leh kong dawm kei ding uh hi,” ci-in a hawlkhia hi. Van Nuai Lian pau ngam lo hi. Ahih hangin, a khua a tun ciangin, Van Nuai Lian in a khuapihte kiang ah a thu teng a gen ciangin, a tapa, Do Thian leh Lal Tun in tua thu a zak ciangin a heh mahmah uhaa, Tedim innpipa tungah hi bangin thu a zasak uh hi: “Hih gungal gam, Phalam (Falam) leh Zahau innpipa in hong piak ahih hangin, ko no kong pia kei uh hi. Hi gam ko gam hi na cih uh leh kisimding hi hang,” a ci uh hi.

Kam Hau innpipa in hih thu a ngah ciangin, hehpha mahmah in hi bangin thu a za sakkik leuleu hi. “Na ngap uh leh, kisim mah ding hi hang,” a ci uh hi. Tua bang thu a om laitakin, Lamzang khuate On Vial, Hong Tual leh adang mi khat, Lusi gam-a an taw, Sialte ah a giah laitak un, Lusi Van Nuai Lian khuate in, On Vial a na that uh hi. A lawmte nih suakta in, Kam Hau kiangah a kop ah uh aa, innpipa a heh semsem hi.

Thauvui, thautang kiging phiphet in, sial khat go in, gal vai a hawm uh aa, Mualbeemte in khomleng khua sim ding, Tedimte in Lihli sim ding, ci-in a hawm uh hi. Za Pau makai in Khomleng khua sim in a zo gawp uh hi. Gal (300) a hingin a man uh hi.

Kam Hau ta a neu pen Khaw Chin a cina-a, a ngim hun in kuankhia thei lo uh ahih manin, tua kaal tengin Lihli khuate na taimang khin uh hi. Ahih hangin, zam khap (10) khat leh mi (2) a hingmat uh-a khat a that uh hi.

ZOMI INNKUAN LAIBU (J. Gin Z Tawng, Naulak, December 30th 1973)

A Kaikhawm,
Sia Mangpu
Malaysia

Zomite Khangthu

COPY From_SAKOLLAM VONTAWI  Blog  http://sakollamvontawi.blogspot.com/2013/12/zomite-khangthu.html

Saturday, 21 December 2013

Zomite Khangthu

Zomite Khangthu

I Pu i pa te in lai a kician in nanei lo uh ahih man in, a sul uh cian tak a, i kan nading baih lo hi. Tua ahih manin i tangthu gelhte khempeuh in la tungtawn pan ahi zongin, kam tawh kigen sawnna tungtawn pan ahi zongin, mualsuang tung aa, lim kisuaite siksan in i tangthute na gelh uh hi. Nidang in i pu i pate minam lian mahmah khat, ukpi khat aa, ki uk a hihman in, tuhun tangthu kan “Historian”-te in mihingte nuntak zia leh minam thu a kan uh ciangin, Asia tangthu a hel loh phamawh hi.kici hi. Tua a hihman in tuhun ciangin tangthu kan dan a nuamzaw hong suak hi. Zomi/Chin te pianciilna a kante in, Khul pan, Chinlung pan cih bangin a tuamtuam ummawh uh hi. Zomi/Chin te piancilna pen i kankan ciangin Khul (kawhawm) pan hi leng ki lawm hi. Ei Zomi/Chin te pen thu, a kivai khak uh ciangin khul pan piang hihang ci-in na kivai khak uh hi. Tua a hih man in Ei Zomi/Chin te pen Noah tate Shemham leh Japhet te u nau sungpan in Japhet suan te hihang ki ci hi. Japhet suan te pen sen gamah B.C. 4000 kiim pawl in na tung uh.a, Tua hun lai-in tualgal kidona tam mahmah kici hi.

Abul ah 1766 BC pawl in (Xiz) ukpi-in mipi te itna leh hehpihna tawh uk lo in, gitloh na leh ki phatsak natawh uk a hih manin (Shang Dynasty) uk na hongpiang hi. “Shang” uk pi pa in khuakim ah hausa upa koih lo a hih manin, zomi te in ol tak in a uk na BC1122 kimpawl in sutkha hi. Zo ukpipa in a uk ciangin khuakim ah hausa upa koihkim a hih manin kuamah in ukpi zaa sutzo pak lo hi. Zomite uksung in khangto mahmah uh aa, ki -uk zia zum nasep zia, khat leh khat kizahtak zia, lo khoh singpuak na leh sumbawl paiibawl na te ah khangto mahmah uh hi. Hih hunpen miciim (philosopher) Sengam ah, a khantoh mahmah hun hi. Ci-in ki ciam teh hi. Tuahun aa, mi minthang zaw diak te a hi. ConFuCius, Laotzu leh Mencius te ahi hi. Sente in hih miciim te lak ah thupi a sak pen uh (Con Fu Cius) (amin thak kung -futze) a hi hi. A mahin siangtho na, huahna, dikna leh pilna, khat leh khat kithupi simna Nupa ki kal, lawm leh gual kikal, Ulian Uneu kikal ah ki zahtak zia, Inn kuansung ki zahtak zia, Inn kuansung nuntak zia, beh leh phung ki it zia dingte, ki makaih na, Innluah na, Sahawm zia te ki ciantak in hilh hi. Tua a hilhzia te, zomi te in i ngei na i cihcih a hihi. pu “yu” hong khang a kipan in kipum khatna hong piang khia hi. Tuabang a kilemna kipum khatna hong om ciangin a mah pen VAN PI TAPA (Son of Heaven) ci liang uh hi. Amah in Hwangho (Yellow River) a ki ci gun kuam leh mual khempeuh uk hi. Pu ‘yu’ in sen gam a uk a kipanin kumpi ki-ukna paizia kician tak in kibawl a, lo khawhna lam, nasep na lam khangto mahmah hi. Zomi te ngei na te hih hun lai pek a hong ki pan kha ahi hi.

2. Kawl Gam Lutna: Abul ah Tua cingin BC256 kimpawl in Zomi te in Uk pi a seplai in siah (tax) tam lalua a hih man in “Chin” a kici mitein Zomi te ukpi zaa, sutkhia kik uh hi.tua hun lai-in zomi te in lai ki nei khin hi. A hih hangin zo uk na hong sut kha “chin” minam te in, savun tung a, i lai ciapteh te hong laksak a hih man in tanglai i pu i pa te in UI in hong nek sak a ci uh a hihi. Tua a heh luat man un Ui sa bang na ne in tu dongin zomi a ki ci a tam zaw in Uisa ki ne kim ciat hi Hih Chin ukpipa “Shih Huang Ti” hi aa, a mah in BC 256 pan in 206 dong uk hi. Tua khit ciangin sen gam ukpi ki khel toto in tu dong ki zom to suak hi. Sen i cih kammal in sen te min bulpi “chine”- “chin-Qin” pan a hong piang kha a hihi. Hih “chin” minam te tu dongin sen gam ah teng suak uh hi.hih “Chin” minam te uk lai-in sengam kumpi gam “Empire” hongsuak hi. Tua kumpi ukna hong kipat aa, kipan in “GREAT WALL” bawl, ciang hong kipan uh hi.Tua kulpi X tai 2500 sua hi. Tu dongmah in thupi ki sa mahmah hi. Tua “GREAT WALL” ciang(sem) dingin mi aman uh hangin kuamah utlo in mun tuam gamtuam tek ah tai(pem) uh hi. chin te inkulhpi ciang ding in aana tawh mila in sila bangin sem sak a hihman in, BC150 kimpawl in I pupa te sengam pan in nisuah na lamah lal (pem)ding hongvai hawm uh aa, sengam pan in nisuah na lamzui-in hong pai kha uh hi. Hongpai khiat uhciang in “takawng” lam zui-in tuikangpi (Chindwin) dung zuisuk in kawlgam laizang lam ah,damdam in hong ki suan(khin) suksuk uh hi BC 100 kimpawl ciangin tuikangpi “Chindwin” leh “Irrawady” ki tuah na mun hong tung suk uh ciangin, Hih mun ah Kawl te tawh hongki mu in Kawl te in Chin te nasa in lua mahmah uh hi. Banghang hiam cih leh “Great wall” lamsung hi-in a sem dingin miman kawikawi cih pen mi khem peuh in thei tek uh a hih man in Chin te ki kihta mahmah hi.tua hun a, i pu i pa te in bawmpua (lelpua) kawm in tuikang dung hong zui suk ahih man in, tudongmah in kawl te in Tuikang pi pen “ChinDwin” gun a ci suak a hihi. Kawl te in Zomi te pen Sengam a, kulhpi lam Chin te i hih loh lam a theih uh ciangin Kawlpau tawh “Tu-Nge-Chin” (lawmaw) ci-in hong sam in “Tu-Nge-Chin” te hong cih na pen tuhun ciangin Chin cih min hong piang kha a hihi. Tua bek tham loh in Kawl te in Bawmpua te ci-in hongsap na hangin zong Chin (Khutkhai) cih min hongpiang hi dingin zong ki-um mawh hi. Tua bang teng hang in Kawlte in Chin leh Zomi a khen tel theih loh uh min pen, Tudong in Kawlte in Chin hongci a suak uh hi, ei lah i pu i pa te nammin mah pua in “ZOMI” a ki ci-i hi hi.

3. Kawl Zang Tunna: Abul ah Tuaciang in ChindDwin leh Irrawady kituah na mun pan in “Pagan” ah ki tungin, tua hun lai pen Dahpa leh Penglam te khanlai hun sung hong hi ta hi. Dahpa leh Penglam pen AD108 kimpawl in piang hiki ci hi. Tuahun lai-in Tualgal tuamtuam tamlua a hih man in i pu i pa te pawl khat in nitum na lam zuan in pai khia uh a, “Mongyua” leh “Gunkhawm” ki kal Mongyua, Dipeyin, Pale cih tengah na teng uh hi. Tua lai mun tengpen i pu i pa te in “KHAWKHEN” na ci uh hi. Tua hun sung pen AD 600-800 kimpawl teng hong hi ta hi. AD 842 kimpawl ciangin Tayet, Aunglan, Minbu, Tawngdwingyi, Pohpa (Pupamual) kim tengah na teng uh hi. AD1300 kimpawl ciangin Sagai, Enwah, Penyah kimtengah teng uh a, Ava Mangpa (TiBawMin)khan lai hi-in LengTongHoih hun lai hiding in ki ummawh hi.

Tua bang teng tawh tu hun Kawlgam lai zang tengah ki om kawikawi a hih man in KamPau kilam dang na a tuamtuam hong om toto in mun tuamtuam ah ki tengkawikawi hi. Tu lai tak a, i Zogam/Chin State zong i lut na mun ki bang kim lo lai hi. Pawl khat-te Kawlgam lai zang Makuai, Pegu, Irrawady, Zangkong leh Zakhai gam tengah teng uh a, “Asho/Zaw” kici uh hi. Pawl khat-te Kawlgam lai zang panin Pahkuhko lamah, Arrakan gam lam pan in Zogam lut in “Khumi” na ki ci uh hi. Pawl khat te Pagan khua pan in Irrawady kan tan in Zogam na lut uh a, “Cho” na ki ci uh hi. Tuaciangin pawlkhat-te Gunkhawm kan tan in tu lai tak a, Kale Kabaw kim tengah na tung to uh a, “Kawlzang” na ci uh hi. Hih kawlzang pan in Zomi te i ki theh zak mahmah na munpi hongsuak hi. Hih mun ah i ten lai-in i pu i pa te sul kan theih ding tam lo hi. A hi zongin Khampat pen Zomi te Khuapi khat na hi ngei-in tua mun ah i sanggam Thado te suan Mawngkung “Khampat Bungpui” a ki ci khat ipu ipa te sul i kan theih ding om hi. Kawlzang i om sungin Shan te uk na, aana neih hun tawh kituak in Kulhpi a cian hun mah tawh ki tuak hi. Rajayu khua ah zong ukpi khat om in Tualgal tuamtuam hang leh Kulhpi cian’ nop lohna hangin AD 1400 kimpawl in Kawlzang panin na lal khia leuleu uh a, pawl khat-te in Meitei gun dung zui toto in “Lailun” khul ah na tenguh hi. Tua pan in gam hoih na zuan in na lal leuleu uh a, Falam, Hakha, Matupi, Thantlang gam teng ah na teng uh hi.tua te “Laimi”Zotung”Zophei” na ki ci uh hi. Tua ciangin pawl khat-te kawlzang pan in lei taw lam zuan in pai suk uh a, Paletwah, Kanpalet, dongah na tengin “Khumi leh Cho” na ki ci uh hi. Pawl khat-te Kawlzang panin Tuingo dung zui to in zangtam a tun uh ciangin Ngatan luidung zui-in “Ciimnuai” khul ah na tunguh a, a dang pawl khat-te Thuamvum panin ni tum na lam tuaksuk in Sialtang lui a tun uh ciangin zui to uh a, “Ciimnuai” khul mah na tung uh hi. Cimmnuai i tun hun pen AD 1420 kimpawl hidingin ki-um mawh hi. AD 1650 ciangdong Ciimnuai leh Geltui tengah ki om hi. Tuamun ah Thangho leh Liando, Cingkhup leh Ngambawm, Galngam leh Hangsai cih te Ciimnuai leh Geltui a pianguh hi kici hi.

4. Ciimnuai Khua Pan Tedim Mite: Abul ah Zogam ah Zomite pen Kawlgam lai zang pan in mun tuamtuam i tun tak ciangin i minam min taktak kua mah in ki zang nawn lo in i behmin a hih kei leh i pu i pa min khawg tawh kisam in i om hi, tuate pen a tangpi thu in, hihbang dan ahi hi. Kawlgam laizang lam a, a om pawl khat-te in “Asho” ki ci-in Thayet, Aunglan, Minbu, Natmawk gam tengah teng uh a, pawlkhat-te “Yaw, Chaw, Kyaw, Saw” ki ci-in “Gangaw, Htilin, Ngape etc:”tengah teng uh hi. pawlkhat-te “Lai, Laizo, Laimi” ki ci-in “Lailun khul na tung masa uh a, tua Lailun pen Suntha khuagei ah om hi “Haka, Falam, Thantlang” Matupi kimtengah tengin, tuanuai ah Falam gam sungah beh/minam tuamtuam in om lai-in “Tlaishun, Zangiat, Khualsim, Hualngo, Ngawn, Lente, Tapong, Zahau, Hlawnceu, Sim, etc:”cihbangin na ki khen lai hi, tua mah bangin “Haka” leh Thantlang,Matupi gamsung a, a om te zong “Senthang, Zophei, Miram, Mi-e, Lautu, Khualsim,Zotung etc:” cih bangin na ki khen lai hi. Tua mah bangin Mindat leh Kanpalet gamsung a, a tengte zong “Cho, Kcho” Khumi etc. cih bang in na ki sam tawm uh a, Mindat leh Kanpalet gam sungah minamneu nono-te lak pan in “m” vaklaw/tuilichang, m’kanglaw/nitu, khankhawchang/ khanchaak etc:” cih bangin na ki lo uh hi, tuabang mahin Paletwa leh Matupi gam sung a teng pawl khat-te pen “Khu, Khumi, Khami” cih bang in na ki sam uh a, khenkhat-te pen “Mira, Khamichaw, Anu, Khawngsu” na ki ci uhi. Tua mah bangin “Tedim leh Tonzang” gam sunga, tengte zong “Zo, Yo, You, Zomi” cih bangin ki sam in, tua te sung panin “Sim, Thado, Hualngo, Guite, Sihzang,Saizang, Yo,Dim,Phaileng, etc:” cih bangin ki omlai hi. Kawlgam sunga om zomite ki sap na a tuamtuam in om a hih hangin Zomi suan leh khak te vive ahi hi. Hih a tung a te khempeuh pen Sengam pan a Kawlzang, cih bang a, a pai toto te ihi hi. Lailun khul pan leh Ciimnuai khul pan in pawl khat-te India gam Manipur leh Mizoram ah tengin, pawl khat-te Bengladesh gam lamah na om kawikawi uh hi.Ei Zomi te Ngeina(Dan) bang hi leh tanglai pek a ki pan in ipupa min a puasuak I hih man in Upen hileng kilawm hi.banghang hiam cih leh behkhat sung ah zong a U pen te in a behpi min pua uh hi.tua a hih man in Ei Zomi te in tudong in Zomi min mah a pua lai te i hi hi.

5. Ciimnuai Pan Khua Tuam Tuam: Abul ah I pupa Ciimnuai a tun ciangin Namniam, Namsang cih om tuam lo in sawtvei pi tak na om uh hi. Tualai ah, a om sungin a hiam zat-te uh Teipi leh Temphulh kici (Temtawng) bekzang uh hi. Azawng te’n Sazukki ahih kei leh Kaikawn (Singgil kisui) peuh tu in zang uh hi. Ciimnuai khua pan in suan leh khak hong nei in a pawl cin zawk uh ciang in Khuakhat bek ah ten’khopding in gam khamzo nawn lo in gam hoihna leitang hoihna gamhong zong in hongkuan khia uh hi. Hihmun pan in minam tawh kisai “Te” i cih kam mal leh “Pau” i cih kam mal hong piangkhia ahi hi. “Te” i cih kam mal in minam khen-neu khat ii ki lawhna hi aa, i kam pau, i aw kiah tawm khat a kilamdang manin “minam” tuam i ki sakha hi. Zomi mah hina pi i ten-na mun panin ki khen thangkik in i pau i ham a kilam dang khiat ciangin pawl khat te’n liat na leh nopsak na zong hong ngah ta uh hi. Ahi zongin tuhun ciang mahmah in zong i minam kibat pih pawl khat-te in ki hazatna, min deihna in Unau khat kim lai mi’suktuah a i om pen limtak ngaihsun leng lungnop huai lo mahmah hi. Hih pen Manipur gam sunglam leh khuakim a tengte in a buai pih leh a na thuak thu uh ahi hi.

Ciimnuai khuapan in Geeltui, Kalzang, Mualbem, Vangteh, Dimpi, Khuasak, Balzang, leh khua tuamtuam sat uh hi. Pu Hanghil leh a naupa pu Milun makai in Balzang khua na sat uh hi. Balzang khua pen daamlak gammang tulak a hih manin Hanghil suante “YO” ki ci hi. Balzang khua pan in Bumzang khua sat uh hi. Bumzang khua pan in nampi za ngah uh hi. Pu Songthu’ tate pu Thahdo, Thahthang leh Thahgen te makai-in gungal gam Tuimui (kaptel gam) ah va teenguh hi. Pu Ngengu makai in tuhun a, Saizang buzung khang “Sihkhuk” zangtengah teenguh hi. A tui nek uh pen sihtui ahi hi. Tua sihtui khukkim nai ah sawtvei pitak teeng ahih man un, amau pen “Sihzang” te ki ci hi. Tuamun panin tapa Suantak nei-in, amah hongkhan ciangin gamdang sat dingin Sialtang mual dung zuisuk uh aa, Tuanlui a phak uh ciangin luidung zuito leuleu in tuhun aa, Khuasak khuataw ah teeng uh hi. Tudong in Suantak Suangphuah zong om lai in tuamun pen Suntak ki ci hi. Tuhun aa, Teizang aki ci te pen Ciimnuai pan in Meiitei gun dung zui-in paisuk uh aa, gunpi ka atun uh ciang in veilam ah kahto in Teiisingpo na zang tam khat ah tenguhhi. Teiizang khuasat masa papen pu Vumlong, Sinte, Kawihang, Phulte leh Dakkam te ahi hi. Aten namun zui-in tTeiising tam na zangtam ah teeng ahihman in “Teiizang” ki ci hi. Ciimnuai pan in Gangte in Guava khua (kaptelgam) Sialsih, Lunmual, tuapan in Pakzang, Laitui, Phaikhua te ah teenguh hi. Gangte mi pawkhat te pen Ciimnuai pan in Tongtui, Suangphei, Pakzang, Laitui, Phaiza, Heilei leh Kawlni ah na teeng uh hi. Ciimnuai khua pan in pu songkip hong khanciang inkhulpi zuankik uh a, thualphai tui ne in Cianlai ah teenguh hi. Pu songkip in tapa thum nei in Songput, Thawmte, Thuangdo te a hihi. Songput in biakna lam sem in Tul hongtawi hi Thawmte in gamsung hongvai hawm in pu Tuangdo pen Kawl ah tai-in Lengkui na thoih(bia) hi. Saizang te cih min hongpian khiat na pen Gamsai po na zangtam khatah nateeng masa ahih man in “Saizang” kici a hi a, tua aa kipan in Saizang hong piang a hihi. Tuabang teng in mun tuamtuam ah kitai in khua tuamtuam ah i om hangin ciimnuai khua pan aa, i ki khen khia aa, i tenna mun zui-in i pau i aw kiah hong kilam dangbek ahi aa, a mi a kilam dang i hi kei hi banghiam i cih leh eite pen “Zomi” i hi hi.

6. Tedim Khua Kisatna: Abul ah Tedim khua sat masa pen Guite khang 14 na Pu Guimang kici hi. 1550 pawl dingin ki um mawh hi. Tua zawh khang 18 na Pu Guilun hun ciangin Tedim khua hong kiamkik hi. Guite khang 21 na Pu Pumgo in Tedim a nih vei na hongsat kik hi. Tuahun pen 1760 kimpawl dingin ki um mawh hi.Tua zawh ciangin PuPumgo tapa pu Mangsum hongteei ciangin Guita ukna zong hongbei a suak hi. 1840 kimpawl ciangin Pu Kamhau (Sukte)Pu Manggin(Hatlang) Pu Khoilam(Hatzaw) Pu Elkhaat(Thawmte) Pu Kimthaum (Zilom)Pu Genen(Letil) Pu Kaien(Hatlang) Pu Pauam(Samte) Pu Pauvum(Sukte) te in Tedim khua hong uk leuleu uh hi. A hih hangin Tedim khua a sat masa pen Pu Guite Unau teng a hihi. Pu Songthu in Ciimnuai khua ah hausa sem in a om laitak in amin mangding (innmang ding) lunghih mawh a hihman in a zipi thukim na tawh suan leh khak kizop theih na ding ci in, a sanggam nu pinemnep tawh lum khaw in ta nei hi. Pi Nemnep in nau a paai sung a,a mangmat na zui-in ni tawh ki zom nigui pan in piang hi ci-in nau a neih ciangin a zipi tawh ta nei kik a, a min dingin Thahdo a phuak hi. Ciimnuai khua ah Guite, Nigui, Guigen, Guimang, MangSum leh Tuahciang cih bang in khang “6” bang Hausa sem uh hi. Guite, Guimang te unau in gam vak a pai khiat in “Temdim” mualdung va tung kha uh a, a mun a gam hoih sa mah mah in, ten na dingin iplah mahmah pah uh hi.

7. Zomi Kuate?: Abul ah Tuhun zomi/chin kici te huamsung aa, om namphung (tribe) teng laiguizom, minam khat hi napi-in, a beisa hun in kumpi (king) uk-na khat nuai ah a omkhawm (luangkhawm) ngeilo minam I hihi. Tua kawmkal ah beh (clan) namphung (tribe) kampau (dialeck) te ki bulphuh lua in, minam (Nation) bulphuh in uk-na (Administration) daihuang khat sungah I kalsuan ding kitha nem kha a hihi. Nidang lai-in Ipu Ipa ten gamhing, gamhoih, tuihoih nagam a na zonna ah, khua a sat uh ciangin tua khuasat makai pi-in “hausa”sempah in siah leh tang kai-in thukhun leh dan te aa, kipan pusa biakna, dawi biakna, ngeina tuamtuam te dongin hausa te deihna bangbang in ki sem hi. Tuahun lai-in huasa te vanglian mahmah uh aa, huasa sem in siah leh tang kaih theihna dingin muntuamtuam gamtuamtuam ah khua na sat kawikawi uhhi. tua khuasat huasa te tu dong mahin innpi te ki ci lai hi. Tuabang in khuathak zongin sim leh mal sak leh khang ah ki thehzak uh aa, pawlkhat te mualtung, munzanggam cihbangin mun tuamtuam ah na teng kawikawi uh hi. Muntuam mualtuam ah a tenguh ciangin khua khat leh khua khat ki hawh zo mengmeng zo lo in, a sawt na ciangin ” sanggam melmak” bangin na ki en kha uh a hihi. Tuaban ha muntuam gamtuam ah tengtek uh a hih man un pau leh ham zong a sawtsawt ciangin a awkiah kilam dang tektek hi. A deihna kibang zong a awkaih kilam dang aa, awkaih kibang zong a deihna kilam dangin, khuakhat leh khuakhat zong pau leh ham ah na kibang logawp uh hi. Tuabangin I tenna mun leh mual, khua leh tui a kibat loh ziak in I sanggam dang te kam pau te pen ei ten na mun a, kizangkam pautawh, a kibat loh na pansan “siksan” in ” hih kampau tua te kampau, hih tuakhua te kampau, hih tua mi te kampau” ci-in min I vawh tawm mawkmawk hi. I pau paipi ki bang napi-in tuhun ciangin tuabang aa, minki vawh tawmkampau te siksan in “MINAM PAU” in I lak khak manin (ngaihsut khak manin) minam tuamtuam tawh a ki bang I hihi. Zomi te pen dongtuah leh tanau vai a thupi sak mahmah minam te I hi aa, nop na dahna ah I dongtuah leh tanau nei lo te lungleng khawngai mahmah in mite nuai siatna (niam etna) thuak uh a hihman in beh leh phung hau te gual tung tuangin vanglian ki sa mahmah uh hi. Behdang te tungah zong ukzawh na nei pah uh hi. Beh leh phung thupi sak mahmah a hih mahbang un khang tangthu sutsut in, a sut theih na ciangciang uh pusawn min peuh,pupi min peuh “BEHMIN” dingin na kizang kha aa, tuapa suan leh khak teng tua te beh ci-in ki tuam ngaih sut pah uh hi. Tua bang hangin “BEH” (clan) bulphuh in vaihawm na ngahding na hanciam uh aa, behkhat leh behkhat, khuakhat leh khuakhat na ki en khial uh hi. Beh masuan (bulphuh) in vaihawm na a neih uh ciangin tua vaihawm na nuai aa, om khawm mite bulphuh in minam min dingin mi te in hong phuhsak uh hi. Tuabangin mun leh mual khua leh tui Iom na I ten na mun a tuam man in I kampau awkaih te hong kibang lo aa, tua awkaih tawh kizui I lai te zong hong kibang lo pah hi khuakhat leh khuakhat zong thusia thupha a om ciangin thukhen zia ki tuamneih ciat pah a, kampau awsuah zui aa, kibawl I lai te zong I geldan zong hongtuam tek pah hi. Beh leh phung, khua leh tui tek ah paizia ki tuamneih ciat a hihman in uk-pi te khat leh khat vaihawm na te ki leh bulh in thukhat lakhat sungah luang (om) khawm thei lo uh hi. Tua a hih man in Tedim uk-pi, Falam uk-pi, Hakha uk-pi etc a tuamtuam in kinei ciat in, a mua leitang leh gam ciat ah vaihawm na tuam neih ciat uh hi. Mun leh mual kibat lohna hangin, kampautuam man aa kibat lohna hangin, beh leh phung kibat loh nahamgin, kibat lohna kammal leh midang cih kammal hongom kha a hihi. Tuabang teng a hih zenzen hangin “ZOMI”cih min pen I pu Ipa ten taangtawng pek aa kipan in a neihsa uh minkhat a hi a, tuhun mahmah in zong kawlgam chin state leh kawlzang aa teng khempeuh in “ZOMI”cih min pen 99% in thukim tak leh I hih nate mangngilh lo aa, kizang kam mal a hihi. “ZO” kici Tedim mi te pen Ciimnuai ah kiteeng khawm in tuapan in Paite, Vaiphei, Sihzang, Thahdo, Jo, Teizang, Gangte, Saizang, Dim, Phaileng….etc… hongpiang khia a hihi. Tuateng pau khem peuh hong kigawm ciangin “TEDIM” pau hong piangin, tuateng khempeuh pen tulai tak aa, “TEDIM ZOMI” I cih te a hihi. Banghang hiam? Cih leh Tedim khua kisat in kamhau uk lai-in tua teng khem peuh na tengkhawmin Tedim pau hong piang a hihi. Tuamah bangin I sanggam pawi a ki ci te zong khamtung a tun cil in “LAIRUN”ah na teng masa in tuapan in mun tuamtuam ah pem kawikawi-in a khuakhua in na ki khen in Zahau, Zanait, Lumbang, Taisun, Sailo, etc… cihbang in na ki khen in tuabang hangin zong pautuamtuam awkaih tuamtuam na nei uh hi. Tuate pen “FALAM ZOMI”te a hihi. Tuabang mahin Senthang, Zophei, etc…te zong “HAKA ZOMI”te ahi aa, Matupi, Paletwa, Mindat, Kanpalet, te zong amua Township tek ah tuabang tekmah in a huamgai a hihi. Ei zomi/chin ki ci khempeuh te pen “ZO” I hi aa, zo a kiteng khempeuh pen Asho. Sho, Masho, Khumi, Lusei (mizo), Pawi (laimi), Paite (tedim) khempeuh zong “ZO” A hihi.i tenna gam leitangh pen “ZOGAM” hi-in asung aa, teng mite pen “ZOMI” hi aa, I ngeina te pen “ZONGEINA” hi pah hi.zokhang tangthu kan te in Ipu zo hi aa, tapa nih nei-in Kipmang leh anau Cinhill hi ci uh hi. Tua a hih ciangin angmang J.H Cope in zomi te Chin a ki cih na pen a pu apa uh ChinHil hi aa, mikangte khan ciangin Chinhill ci-in a gammin dingin a vawh uh a hihi. Cihthu khamtung thu ki zak a bawlna sungah nagelh hi. Dr. Lehman in Chin cih kammal pen kawlpau hi-in ” bawm” cih na hi. Ci hi kawlgam lai zangah I om lai-in bawmin van kipua a hih manin kawlte in ” HEI! Bawmpuapa” ci aa, hongsap napan in hongpiang hi ki ci hi. Tua Chin kumpi nam hi le hang, Ei zomi te sungah namkhat beek in ” kochin ka hi uh hi” a ci omleng ki lawm hi. Tu in a hih leh zomi a ki ci khempeuh sungah namkhat beek in ” ko chin hi ungh” a ci khat beek I om kei hi tuamah bangin Jin pan piang chin hi ding hi leng, Jin pen mihing (pasal) cihna hi aa, Ei bek mihing cih leitungah ngahtuan ding I hiam?cih huai hi. Tuaban ah kawlte bawm cih na “chin” cihte, lawm cihna “tu-nge-chin” cihte in phuahtawm a hih ding up huai mahmah zaw hi. Tuaban ah Cinhil cih pen chinhills suak hi cih zong kilawmsak na hideuh hi. Tua a hihman in Chin pen Ei zomin hi lo in Chin pen sengam aa, om minam khat min hi cihpen, a kitel pah hi. Ei tepen ZO I hi aa, sengam aa, I om lai pek pan in zo ukpi khutnuai ah a khangkhia minam I hihi. Banghang in minam dang te in chin hongci hiam? Cih leh zo uk na 511-475 BC sung teng hi-in zo ukna pen chin ten hong sut kha hi. 265-206 BC sungtengin ukna nei uh hi. Tua chin te uk sungin kawlgam lamah pem (tai) I hih man in kawl te-in Zo in hongthei lo in chin te dingin hong um mawh a hih man in Chin ci-in hongsam uh a hihi. Kawlte-in chin ci-in hongsap na hangin, mangkang te in zong chin ma in hong sam hi aa, Ei pen Zo I hih lam hong theih loh man ahihi. Tua a hihman inI minam min a thei nailo kawlte, mangkangte in a theihna dingin I ZO min hoihtak in I kep kul aa, I thansak kul hi.